Types of Dental Implants & How They Work
Dental implants are a popular and effective solution for replacing missing teeth. They provide a strong, stable foundation for artificial teeth and can help restore function and aesthetics. Dental implants consist of three main components: the implant, the abutment, and the dental prosthesis (crown, bridge, or denture). In this article, we will discuss the different types of dental implants and how they work.
Types of Dental Implants
There are two primary types of dental implants, which are differentiated by the way they are placed in the jawbone:
Endosteal Implants: Endosteal implants are the most common type of dental implant and are placed directly into the jawbone. They are typically made of titanium and have a screw-like shape. Once the implant is placed, the surrounding bone grows around it, securing it in place. This process is called osseointegration and usually takes several months. After osseointegration is complete, an abutment is attached to the implant, and then the dental prosthesis (crown, bridge, or denture) is placed on top of the abutment.
Subperiosteal Implants: Subperiosteal implants are an alternative to endosteal implants, particularly for patients with insufficient bone height or who cannot undergo a bone graft. These implants consist of a metal framework that is placed on top of the jawbone but below the gum tissue. The framework has small posts that protrude through the gums, onto which the dental prosthesis is attached. Subperiosteal implants are less common than endosteal implants and may not provide the same level of stability and support.
How Dental Implants Work
The process of getting dental implants typically involves several stages and can take several months to complete. Here's an overview of how dental implants work:
Consultation and Evaluation: During the initial consultation, your dentist or oral surgeon will evaluate your dental and medical history, take X-rays, and determine if you are a good candidate for dental implants. They will also discuss the best type of implant for your specific needs.
Bone Grafting (if necessary): If you have insufficient bone height or density in the area where the implant will be placed, you may need to undergo a bone grafting procedure. This involves taking bone material from another part of your body or using a synthetic bone substitute and grafting it onto the jawbone to create a stable foundation for the implant.
Implant Placement: During the implant placement procedure, your dentist or oral surgeon will make an incision in the gum tissue, expose the jawbone, and drill a hole to insert the implant. The implant is then placed in the hole, and the gum tissue is sutured closed over it. The implant will be left to heal and integrate with the bone for several months.
Abutment Placement: Once osseointegration is complete, the dentist will make a small incision in the gum tissue to expose the implant and attach the abutment. The gum tissue is then allowed to heal around the abutment for a few weeks.
Dental Prosthesis Placement: Finally, your dentist will create a custom dental prosthesis (crown, bridge, or denture) and attach it to the abutment. This restores the appearance and function of your missing tooth or teeth.
In conclusion, dental implants are a durable and effective tooth replacement option that can restore the function and aesthetics of your smile. The two main types of dental implants are endosteal and subperiosteal, with endosteal implants being the most common. The process of getting dental implants involves several stages, including consultation, bone grafting (if necessary), implant placement, abutment placement, and dental prosthesis placement.